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荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

来源:鲜淘网 2018-03-30 17:27:00      xiyatu 手机版

　　荔枝的品种有很多，因为荔枝喜高温高湿，喜光向阳，所以他主要产于中国南部、西南部及东南部，也就是以广东、广西、福建南部为主，一起和果果小编看下荔枝的种类介绍及图片。

　　一、荔枝的生长习性

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　喜高温高湿，喜光向阳，它的遗传性，要求花芽分化期有相对低温，但最低气温在-2～-4℃又会遭受冻害;开花期天气晴朗温暖而不干热最有利，湿度过低，阴雨连绵，天气干热或强劲北风均不利开花授粉。花果期遇到不利的灾害天气，会造成落花落果，甚至失收。

　　二、荔枝的地理分布

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　荔枝主要产于中国南部、西南部和东南部，以广东、广西和福建南部(厦门、漳州、泉州地区)栽培最盛。亚洲东南部也有栽培，非洲、美洲和大洋洲都有引种的记录。

　　三、荔枝的主要品种

　　中国荔枝品种很多。据解放初期调查：广东有82个品种，福建有41个品种，广西、四川、云南、贵州、台湾等地区的品种尚无完整的统计。当中桂味，糯米糍是上佳的品种，亦是鲜食之选，挂绿更是珍贵难求的品种。“萝岗桂味”，“毕村糯米糍”及“增城挂绿”有“荔枝三杰”之称。 惠阳镇隆桂味，糯米糍更为美味鲜甜，荔枝营养丰富，详情查看《荔枝的功效与作用》。

　　常见以下几个主要品种：

　　1、三月红

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　因在农历3月下旬成熟，故名三月红。属最早熟种。主产广东的新会、中山、增城、广西的灵山等县。果实流心脏形，上广下尖;龟裂片大小不等，排列不规则，缝合线不太明显;皮厚，淡红色;肉黄白，微韧，组织粗糙，核大，味酸带甜，食后有余渣。由于上市早，尚受消费者欢迎。

　　2、圆枝

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　又名水东或水东黑叶。分布于广州市郊和珠江三角洲各县。因适宜水多栽植和叶片尖长，近似黑叶而较薄而得名。果实短卵圆形，或歪心形，果肩边高边低;龟裂片略平宽，应深红色，果肉软滑多汁，甜中带酸，微香。5月下旬或6月上旬成熟。

　　3、黑叶

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　果实短卵圆形，果顶浑圆或钝，果属平;皮深红色，壳较薄，龟裂片平钝，大小均匀，排列规则，裂纹和缝合线明显;肉质坚实爽脆，香甜多汁，多数为大核。6月中旬成熟。较耐贮存。

　　4、淮枝

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　又名密叶、凤花、古凤、怀枝(传闻古时有尚书路过岭南，把乡亲送的荔枝入怀中，故名)、槐枝。广东栽培最广、产量最多品种。鲜食、干制皆宜。果实圆球形或近圆形，蒂平;果壳厚韧，深红色，龟裂片大，稍微隆起或近于平坦，排列不规则，近蒂部偶有尖刺，密而少;肉乳白，软清多汁，味甜带酸，核大而长，偶有小核。7月上旬成熟。

　　5、桂味

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　又名桂枝，因含有桂花香味而得名。是最优良的品种之一，广州市郊和广西灵山县所产最佳。桂味有全红及鸭头绿两个品系。果实圆球形，果壳浅红色，薄而脆;龟裂片突起小而尖，从蒂膊两旁绕果顶有圈较深环沟，此两者为桂味的特征;向黄白柔软饱满，核小，味很甜，7月上旬成熟。

　　6、糯米糍

荔枝的品种大全 荔枝种类图片及介绍

　　又名米枝，为广东价值最高的品种。是闻名中外的广东特产果品。主产广州市郊区萝岗区和增城市新塘镇，其次是从化、东范等县。果实属心脏形，近圆形，果柄歪斜为其品种特征;初上市黄腊色，一旺期鲜红色;龟裂片大而狭长，呈纵向排列，稀疏，微凸，缝合线阔而明显;果顶丰满，蒂部略凹;肉厚，核小，陶色黄白半透明，含可溶性固形物达20%，味极甜，香浓，糯而嫩滑，品质优良。为消费者最喜爱的品种。最适宜鲜食和制干。7月上旬成熟。有红皮大糯和白皮小糯两个品系。

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